3 research outputs found
A feasibility study of development and implementation of smart energy system for 100% renewable energy and transport solutions in Sri Lanka
Get PDFSri Lanka as a developing country is facing existential energy challenges. Total electricity consumption was 12.79 TWh in 2016 and is projected to increase about 6 times to 71.97 TWh by 2050. The projected energy demand will exceed supply in a few years. A transition to 100% renewable energy (100RE) supply will address fuel security, and environmental concerns. This study investigates the potential quantity of renewable energy sources in Sri Lanka for a transition to a 100RE future. This thesis reports a detailed feasibility study framework and case studies for the development and implementation of 100% renewable energy supplied Smart Energy Systems and Transport future for Sri Lanka. The feasibility study framework and the case study analyses are based on a long-term energy system model of Sri Lanka using the EnergyPLAN model. Sri Lanka should have a potential install capacity of grid-connected wind, solar photovoltaic, dammed hydro, river hydro and biomass to achieve 100% renewable energy solution, and the estimated values are 14430 MW, 15600 MW, 1576 MW, 753 MW and 394 MW, respectively. Different development scenarios towards 100RE are used to study the pathway towards 100RE. These scenarios are based on a staged increase of renewable energy such as biomass. The scenarios also include conversions to electrical vehicles, waste to energy, H2 usage and dump charge system for transport. The results prove that a pathway for 100RE is possible. The 100RE pathway ensures energy security and mitigates environmental impacts. The pathway includes improvements in industrial energy intensity and utilising efficiency and conservation potentials. Fuel demand for the industry will be supplied through a high share of biomass usage. Bioenergy and electrification integration are key to the solution, all remaining fuel consumption is converted to solid biomass. The results show that there are technically feasible pathways to achieve 100RE solutions for Sri Lanka with the present and predicted renewable energy technologies. Sri Lanka can meet the future energy demand without importing energy with the complementary socio-economic and socio-political approaches
3D-printed biomimetic bone implant polymeric composite scaffolds
Get PDFopen access articleThis research introduced a new poly-ether-ether-ketone calcium hydroxyapatite (PEEK-cHAp) composite for a convenient, fast and inexpensive femur bone-implant scaffold with different lattice structures to mimic natural bone structure. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) was used to print a hybrid PEEK-based filament-bearing bioactive material suited for developing cHAp. Using FDM, the same bone scaffold PEEK will be fabricated, depending on the shape of the bone fracture. The scaffolds were examined for in-vitro bioactivity by immersing them in a simulated bodily fluid (SBF) solution. Furthermore, in-vitro cytotoxicity tests validated the suitability of the composite materials employed to create minimal toxicity of the scaffolds. After spreading PEEK nanoparticles in the grains, the suggested spherical nanoparticles cell expanded over time. The motif affected the microstructure of PEEK-cHAp in terms of grain size and 3D shape. The results established the proposed optimum design and suitable material for prospective bone implants, as required for biomimetic artificial bone regeneration and healing
